Numerals

§61. CLASSIFICATION OF NUMERALS Umbundu numerals divide into two classes: ADJECTIVES (agree with the noun): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 SUBSTANTIVES (Class 3 nouns, followed by genitive): 6, 7, 8, 9, 10+ §62. NAMES OF NUMERALS Cardinal units: 1 = -mosi 6 = e-pandu 2 = -vali 7 = e-panduvali 3 = -tatu 8 = e-chinana 4 = -kuana 9 = e-chia 5 = -tanu 10 = e-kui Tens (Class 3 nouns, prefix e-/a-): 10 = e-kui 60 = a-kui 'e-pandu 20 = a-kui a-vali 70 = a-kui 'e-panduvali 30 = a-kui a-tatu 80 = a-kui 'e-chinana 40 = a-kui a-kuana 90 = a-kui 'e-chia 50 = a-kui a-tanu Hundreds (Class 4, prefix ochi-/ovi-): 100 = ochi-ta 600 = ovi-ta 'e-pandu 200 = ovi-ta vi-vali 700 = ovi-ta 'e-panduvali 300 = ovi-ta vi-tatu 800 = ovi-ta 'e-chinana 400 = ovi-ta vi-kuana 900 = ovi-ta 'e-chia 500 = ovi-ta vi-tanu Thousands (Class 5, prefix o-/olo-): 1,000 = o-hukae 6,000 = olo-hukae 'e-pandu 2,000 = olo-hukae vi-vali 7,000 = olo-hukae 'e-panduvali 3,000 = olo-hukae vi-tatu Combinations use the copulative conjunction la (and): 11 = e-kui la mosi 15 = e-kui la tanu 25 = a-kui a-vali la tanu 102 = ochi-ta la vali 364 = ovi-ta vi-tatu 'a-kui a-tanu la kuana §63. AGREEMENT OF UNITS (1–5) WITH NOUNS Adjective numerals (1–5) take the pronominal prefix of the noun they modify and follow it: olo-ngombe vi-vali = two oxen a-lume va-tatu = three men ovi-ti vi-kuana = four trees e-kapa li-tanu = five potatoes o-sanji i-mosi = one fowl Substantive numerals (6–9) as Class 3 nouns do not usually take the pronominal prefix; the noun precedes: olo-ngombe e-pandu = six oxen a-lume e-chinana = eight men Tens, hundreds, thousands precede the noun in genitive construction: e-kui li'olo-ngombe = a ten of oxen = ten oxen ochi-ta chi'a-lume = a hundred of men = one hundred men When tens are combined with units, the noun is repeated with the conjunctive la: e-kui li'olo-ngombe 'olo-ngombe vi-tanu = fifteen oxen (ten oxen and five oxen) Sometimes the second noun is omitted: e-kui li'a-saela la tanu = fifteen eggs (ten of eggs and five)